JAMA -- Abstract: The prevalence of coffee drinking among hospitalized and population-based control groups, April 8, 1983, Silverman et al. 249 (14): 1877 (#)
„However, the proportion of moderate-to-heavy coffee drinkers among controls hospitalized for conditions that may have caused them to alter their diet (eg, gastrointestinal disorders and cardiovascular disease) was lower than that among population controls. In contrast, the proportion of moderate-to-heavy coffee drinkers among controls hospitalized for conditions that probably did not cause a change in diet (eg, fractures) was almost identical to that among population controls. These results suggest that, in hospital-based case-control studies of the effects of coffee consumption, it would be prudent to restrict the referent group to those patients hospitalized for conditions that probably did not cause a change in diet. The magnitude of bias resulting from failure to exclude controls hospitalized for diet-altering conditions will depend on two factors that may vary between studies: (1) the distribution of diet-altering conditions among the hospital controls, and (2) the relationship of these diseases to coffee consumption.“
http://jama.ama-assn.org/cgi/content/abstract/249/14/ 1877 - Cached
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„COFFEE LINKED TO BONE LOSS, BUT NOT IN MILK DRINKERS Journal Watch (General) 1994;1994:1-1. FULL TEXT “
http://jama.ama-assn.org/cgi/content/abstract/271/4/ 280
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„Criteria used for making diagnoses (and rates of their prevalence) were as follows: withdrawal (94%), use continued despite knowledge of a persistent or recurrent physical or psychological problem that is likely to have been caused or exacerbated by caffeine use (94%), persistent desire or unsuccessful efforts to cut down or control use (81%), and tolerance (75%). Eleven subjects underwent the double-blind caffeine-withdrawal evaluation portion of the study, and nine (82%) of the 11 showed objective evidence of caffeine withdrawal, including eight of 11 with functional impairment. CONCLUSIONS--These results, together with other experimental evidence, suggest that caffeine exhibits the features of a typical psychoactive substance of dependence. It is valuable to recognize caffeine dependence as a clinical syndrome, since some people feel compelled to continue caffeine use despite desires and recommendations to the contrary.“
http://jama.ama-assn.org/cgi/content/abstract/272/13/ 1043
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„Little information is known regarding caffeine's effect on the substrate supporting sustained ventricular arrhythmias. This prospective study evaluated the effect of coffee (275 mg of caffeine) on this substrate with programmed ventricular stimulation in 22 patients with a history of symptomatic nonsustained ventricular tachycardia, ventricular tachycardia, or ventricular fibrillation. Patients underwent electrophysiological testing before and 1 hour after coffee ingestion. Mean (+/- SEM) plasma caffeine level achieved after coffee consumption was 6.2 +/- 0.5 mg/L.“
http://jama.ama-assn.org/cgi/content/abstract/264/17/ 2236
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„Parkinsonian signs in older people: Prevalence and associations with smoking and coffee Louis et al. Neurology 2003;61:24-28. ABSTRACT | FULL TEXT “
http://jama.ama-assn.org/cgi/content/abstract/283/20/ 2674
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