Global Exchange : bingham0899.html (#)

  „Recently, however, many coffee farmers in northern Latin America have reduced or eliminated shade to grow new high-yielding coffee plants under direct sun. Fear of a disease known as coffee leaf rust sparked an early round of conversions, most of which took place in the 1970s. To prevent the spread of the disease, coffee farmers "technified," replacing older, shade-loving coffee varieties, such as t'pica and bourb--n, with new varieties, packed in tight hedgerows, that can survive open sun -- but only with chemical inputs.“

http://www.globalexchange.org/campaigns/fairtrade/coffee/ bingham0899.html - Cached

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Coffee Links - Espresso Coffee Beans and Makers

  „100% Fairly Traded, Organic, Shade Grown Gourmet coffee and fine loose leaf aromatic tea. Coffee with a Conscience. Support 100% Fair trade!“

http://www.coffeeforums.com/topsites/ - Cached

Coffee Plant

  „Leaves: The elliptical leaves of the coffee tree are shiny, dark green, and waxy.  The leaf area index is between 7 and 8 for a high-yielding coffee (Malavolta, 195 ).  The coffee plant has become a major source of oxygen in much of the world.  Each hectare of coffee produces 86 lbs of oxygen per day, which is about half the production of the same area in a rain forest (source: Anacafe).“

http://www.coffeeresearch.org/agriculture/ coffeeplant.htm - Cached

Indian coffee board- monthly magazine- Cover Story- Importance of Shade for Co

  „Shade limits the incidence of pest such as white stem borer and leaf rust disease in Arabica coffee. The incidence of white stem borer, which can cause death of plants, will be more in arabica coffee grown under less shaded condition (Subramaniyam 1941). During the current season, high incidence of white stem borer has been reported from most of the Arabica plantations on account of unprecedented low rainfall experienced for the past 2 to 3 seasons in South India. The non adoption of control measures for curtailing the incidence and also extraction of timber to tide over the situation caused by low price scenario for coffee aggravated the problem.“

http://www.indiacoffee.org/newsletter/2004/sep/ cover_story.html - Cached

International Coffee Organization

  „Current plans include the advancement of Arabica coffee in the western region by developing new cultivars that are resistant to coffee leaf rust disease, the replacement of many existing trees and a fuller distinction between grades. Uganda intends to compete vigorously in the gourmet market and has developed liquor profiles that will allow overseas buyers to select their preferred coffees. It is also intended to invest in washed processing facilities for presently dry processed Arabica and some Robusta.“

http://www.ico.org/libser/uganda.htm - Cached

Hawaii Coffee Association

  „Does ozone work on all plant diseases that affect coffee? That is what the research is working on. Coffee berry borer, coffee leaf rust, and coffee berry disease are the top three that are being worked on.“

http://www.hawaiicoffeeassoc.org/ 11_11_2003_minutes.htm - Cached

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